Biomechanical Features of Arthritis in Dogs

Biomechanical changes to a joint usually occur due to 2 main reasons:

1. normal loading of an abnormal joint surface
2. abnormal loading of a normal joint surface


If either of these scenarios continues over a prolonged period, changes to the type II and type IX collagen matrix will occur. These changes result in a mechanically inferior matrix that will continue to degenerate over time.

Canine osteoarthritis is biomechanically characterized by alteration of the tensile, compressive and shear properties and hydraulic permeability of the cartilage. These changes are accompanied by increased stiffness of the subchondral bone.

These mechanical alterations are a sign of the irreversible progression of arthritis. The final result is a thinning of the cartilage from matrix loss, physical compression, and fragmentation or ulceration.

-Dr Caroline